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Can the Shanghai LNG Price Index indicate Chinese market?

Yeli ZENG, Cong DONG, Mikael HÖÖK, Jinhua SUN, Danyang SHI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 726-739 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0701-4

摘要： China became the world’s second largest liquefied natural gas (LNG) importer in 2018 but has faced extremely high import costs due to a lack of bargaining power. Assessments of the Shanghai LNG Price Index, first released in 2015, are vital for improving the understanding of these cost dynamics. This paper, using the LNG price index data from the Shanghai Petroleum and Gas Exchange (SHPGX) coupled with domestic and international LNG prices from July 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018, estimates several econometric models to evaluate the long-term and short-term equilibriums of the Shanghai LNG Price Index, the responses to market information shocks and the leading or lagging relationships with LNG and alternative energy prices from other agencies. The results show that the LNG price index of the SHPGX has already exhibited a long-term equilibrium and short-term adjustment mechanisms to reflect the average price level and market movements, but the market information transparency and price discovery efficiency of the index are still inadequate. China’s LNG market is still relatively independent of other natural gas markets, and marketization reforms are under way in China. The influence of the SHPGX LNG price index on the trading decisions of market participants is expected to improve with further development of China’s LNG reforms, the formation of a natural gas entry-exit system, and the increasing liquidity of the hub.

关键词： liquefied natural gas     price index     Shanghai Petroleum and Gas Exchange     price discovery     market reforms    

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Hydrotreating of light gas oil using a NiMo catalyst supported on activated carbon produced from fluidpetroleum coke

N. Rambabu,Sandeep Badoga,Kapil K. Soni,A.K. Dalai,J. Adjaye

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 161-170 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1430-1

摘要： Nitric acid functionalized steam activated carbon (NAFSAC) was prepared from waste fluid petroleum coke (FPC) and used as a support material for the synthesis of a NiMo catalyst (2.5 wt-% Ni and 13 wt-% Mo). The catalyst was then used for the hydrotreatment of light gas oil. The support and catalysts were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) gas adsorption method, X-ray diffraction, H -temperature programmed reduction, NH -temperature programmed desorption, CO-chemisorption, mass spetrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Boehm titration, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The SEM results showed that the carbon material retained a needle like structure after functionalization with HNO . The Boehm titration, FTIR, and BET results confirmed that the HNO functionalized material had moderate acidity, surface functional groups, and mesoporosity respectively. The produced NAFSAC had an inert nature, exhibited the sink effect and few metal support interactions, and contained functional groups. All of which make it a suitable support material for the preparation of a NiMo hydrotreating catalyst. Hydrotreating activity studies of the NiMo/NAFSAC catalyst were carried out under industrial operating conditions in a laboratory trickle bed reactor using coker light gas oil as the feedstock. A parallel study was performed on the hydrotreating activity of NiMo/ -Al O as a reference catalyst. The hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation activities of the NiMo/NAFSAC catalyst were 62% and 30%, respectively.

关键词： activated carbon     fluid petroleum coke     NiMo catalyst     hydrotreating     light gas oil    

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液化石油气泄漏的危险性分析及其事故后果评价方法

陈思凝,孙金华,王青松

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第9期   页码 61-64

摘要：

液化石油气（LPG）在其运输和存储过程中存在着各种与火灾和爆炸相关的危险性。由于LPG的泄漏可能导致包括闪火，不可控蒸气云爆炸，沸腾液体膨胀蒸汽爆炸等一系列灾害的发生，针对上述的各种灾害的具体发生条件及其危险性进行了分析；在事故后果评价中采用量化风险分析，提出了沸腾液体膨胀蒸汽爆炸和不可控蒸气云爆炸对周围人员可能造成伤害的评价方法。

关键词： 液化石油气泄漏     火灾     危险性分析     后果评价    

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Numerical simulation of three-dimensional gas/liquid two-phase flow in a proton exchange membrane fuel

ZHUGE Weilin, ZHANG Yangjun, LAO Xingsheng, CHEN Xiao, MING Pingwen

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 305-310 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0044-4

摘要： Investigation into the formation and transport of liquid water in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is the key to fuel cell water management. A three-dimensional gas/liquid two-phase flow and heat transfer model is developed based on the multiphase mixture theory. The reactant gas flow, diffusion, and chemical reaction as well as the liquid water transport and phase change process are modeled. Numerical simulations on liquid water distribution and its effects on the performance of a PEMFC are conducted. Results show that liquid water distributes mostly in the cathode, and predicted cell performance decreases quickly at high current density due to the obstruction of liquid water to oxygen diffusion. The simulation results agree well with experimental data.

关键词： diffusion     gas/liquid two-phase     management     exchange     transfer    

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21世纪油气工业发展刍议

陈俊武

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第4期   页码 21-24

摘要：

文章从世界能源消费不断增长的社会发展需求出发，考虑日益苛刻的环境保护政策和举世关心的可持续发展的战略方针，结合今后科学技术的进展，分别从产品需求和资源供应、产品规格和环境保护、非常规石油进入角色及天然气前景引人瞩目四个专题进行论述，对21世纪的以石油和天然气为代表的非再生能源工业形势做了初步展望。

关键词： 21世纪     石油     天然气     油气工业    

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中国南海油气资源前景

朱伟林,张功成,钟锴,刘宝明

《中国工程科学》 2010年 第12卷 第5期   页码 46-50

摘要：

南海处于欧亚板块、太平洋板块和印—澳板块三大板块的交汇处，经历了复杂的地质作用和演化过程，在其北部、西部和中南部形成了数目众多、类型各异的沉积盆地，石油地质条件优越，油气资源潜力巨大。其中南海北部陆架区已经成为中国近海的主要油气产区之一，陆坡深水区的勘探也获得了重大突破。目前，我国传统疆域内的油气资源正在不断受到南海周边国家的蚕食，因此，应该加快南海地区的油气资源勘探，切实维护国家主权和领土完整。

关键词： 南海     油气资源     石油地质条件     深水区     国家主权    

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沙湾组油气地质特征与勘探实践

刘传虎,王学忠

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第4期   页码 87-95

摘要：

准噶尔盆地沙湾组以岩性油气藏为主，存在油砂体规模较小、油层薄、储层岩性变化快等勘探难题。2005年，排2井在沙湾组钻遇油层，日产油49.6 t，地面原油粘度为1.6 mPa·s。立足实践、大胆开拓促成了沙湾组浅层、稀油、高产岩性油藏的突破，高精度三维地震技术发挥了关键作用。车排子地区具有多油源输导、多层系含油、多类型富集、多品位共存的复式聚集特点和“三层楼”油气成藏模式。沙湾组轻质油藏油砂体形态与振幅属性具有较好的对应关系，能够通过地震属性有效识别油水边界。稀油油浸为含油性下限，粉细砂岩为岩性下限，渗透率0.022 μｍ2 、孔隙度 20 ％为物性下限，油层声波时差大于 300 μs/ｍ，电阻率大于1.5 Ω· ｍ，电阻增大率大于 5.5。 已发现沙湾组油藏 23 个。

关键词： 沙湾组     油气成藏模式     油气勘探     石油地质特征     统计规律     准噶尔盆地     春光油田    

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Heat, mass, and work exchange networks

Zhiyou CHEN, Jingtao WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 484-502 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1221-5

摘要： Heat (energy), water (mass), and work (pressure) are the most fundamental utilities for operation units in chemical plants. To reduce energy consumption and diminish environment hazards, various integration methods have been developed. The application of heat exchange networks (HENs), mass exchange networks (MENs), water allocation heat exchange networks (WAHENs) and work exchange networks (WENs) have resulted in the significant saving of energy and water. This review presents the main works related to each network. The similarities and differences of these networks are also discussed. Through comparing and discussing these different networks, this review inspires researchers to propose more efficient and convenient methods for the design of existing exchange networks and even new types of networks including multi-objective networks for the system integration in order to enhance the optimization and controllability of processes.

关键词： process system engineering     integration methods     heat exchange network     mass exchange network     work exchange network    

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The Shanghai Corporate Pavilion design for World Expo in Shanghai 2010

Yung Ho CHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 519-521 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0093-3

摘要： New technologies are becoming today’s basic building blocks. This paper presents a case study of the Shanghai Corporate Pavilion for the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai. From the shape of the building to the use of solar energy, the Shanghai Corporate Pavilion incorporates the state-of-art technologies to convey the spirit of the architecture. It addresses the pressing issue of energy, environment, and sustainability and reflects the spirit of Shanghai as a historically progressive yet still fast moving international metropolis.

关键词： 2010 World Expo     LED lights     solar energy    

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Detection of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol by liquid-liquid extraction-gas chromatograph mass spectrum(LLE-GCMS) and solid phase extraction-gas chromatograph mass spectrum (SPE-GCMS)

MA Xiaoyan, CHEN Beibei, LI Qingsong, ZHANG Qiaoli, GU Guofen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 286-291 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0048-7

摘要： Two sample preparation methods were introduced and compared in this paper to establish a simple, quick and exact analysis of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol. LC-18 column was employed in solid phase extraction (SPE), 1.0 mL of hexane was adopted in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), and the extracts were analyzed by gas chromatograph mass spectrum (GCMS) in selected ion mode. Mean recoveries of SPE were low for 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin (GSM) with values below 50%. For LLE, the recoveries were satisfyingly above 50% for 2-MIB and 80% for GSM. Detection limits of the LLE method were as low as 1.0 ng/L for GSM and 5.0 ng/L for 2-MIB. A year-long investigation on odor chemicals of drinking water in Shanghai demonstrated that in the summer, there was a serious odor problem induced by a high concentration of 2-MIB. The highest concentration of 152.82 ng/L appeared in July in raw water, while GSM flocculation was minimal with concentrations below odor threshold.

关键词： summer     flocculation     simple     Shanghai     spectrum    

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Persistent Integration and Innovation Management Mode and Its Applications in Petroleum Production Engineering

He Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第4期   页码 339-343 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015055

摘要： This paper proposes a new management mode named the persistent integration and innovation management mode to satisfy the requirements by the fast development at oilfields. Taking engineering philosophy as the guidance and technical innovations in petroleum production engineering as the breaking point, the management mode combines long term production practice at oilfields with modern management methods. The management mode integrates intellectuals, techniques, capital, and information and so on to accomplish global optimization of resource configuration. Sets of new techniques, new methods, new technologies and new equipment in petroleum production engineering have been proposed under the guidance of the management mode, achieving great social and economic benefits.

关键词： integration and innovation     engineering philosophy     petroleum production engineering     Daqing Oilfield    

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我国油气中长期发展趋势与战略选择

邱中建,赵文智,胡素云,张国生

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第6期   页码 75-80

摘要：

以超长期趋势预测为基础，通过对2030—2050年我国石油天然气供需形势的系统分析，提出有效应对能源安全挑战的战略措施和建议。研究结果表明，我国石油需求将长期处于增长态势，而石油产量将保持基本稳定，供需缺口不断加大，为此应在努力控制需求的同时积极稳妥地发展石油替代，力争石油对外依存度不超过60 %；天然气作为清洁、优质的化石能源，对改善我国能源结构、推动低碳经济发展具有重要作用，应进一步采取积极有效措施，加快国内天然气资源的勘探开发，加大国外天然气资源的引进利用，力争2030—2050年天然气在我国一次能源结构中的比例升至10 %以上。在此基础上，提出了我国油气中长期发展战略与技术路线以及6项战略措施建议。

关键词： 石油天然气     发展形势     石油替代     对外依存度     发展战略     措施    

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陆上超深层油气勘探理论进展与关键技术 Review

郭旭升, 胡东风, 李宇平, 段金宝, 张学丰, 范小军, 段华, 李文成

《工程（英文）》 2019年 第5卷 第3期   页码 458-470 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.012

摘要：

中浅层越来越难以发现新的大型油气藏，世界油气勘探有向深层-超深层进军的趋势。近些年来，中国在超深层领域，包括在碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩储层中，取得了令人瞩目的油气勘探成果，发现了（超）大型油（气）田。为了分享这些油气藏的勘探开发经验，本文从油气成藏机理和关键技术两方面进行了总结。超深层油气来源于多元供烃和多期充注。由于低地温梯度或超压作用，在超深层仍然可发育液态烃；且由于深部烃-水-岩反应或深源气体的加入而使超深层天然气组分复杂化。这些油气主要储存于原始高能礁滩或砂体沉积体中，它们具有较高的原始孔隙度。后期溶蚀、白云岩化、破裂作用常使得储层次生孔隙发育。而烃类较早充注等保持性成岩作用，则使得早期孔隙得以保存至今。超深层油气成藏一般呈现近源富集和持续保存的规律。超深层油气藏的有效勘探开发，离不开关键技术的支撑。采用最新的地震信号采集及处理、低孔渗带预测和气水识别等技术，使得超深层油气得以被发现；而先进的钻完井和油气测试技术，则保证了这些油气田的有效开发。

关键词： 油气勘探     超深层     油气来源     储层     油气富集     勘探开发技术    

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TiO supported IrO for anode reversal tolerance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 852-861 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0811-7

摘要： Fuel starvation can occur and cause damage to the cell when proton exchange membrane fuel cells operate under complex working conditions. In this case, carbon corrosion occurs. Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts can alleviate carbon corrosion by introducing water electrolysis at a lower potential at the anode in fuel shortage. The mixture of hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and unsupported OER catalyst not only reduces the electrolysis efficiency, but also influences the initial performance of the fuel cell. Herein, Ti4O7 supported IrOx is synthesized by utilizing the surfactant-assistant method and serves as reversal tolerant components in the anode. When the cell reverse time is less than 100 min, the cell voltage of the MEA added with IrOx/Ti4O7 has almost no attenuation. Besides, the MEA has a longer reversal time (530 min) than IrOx (75 min), showing an excellent reversal tolerance. The results of electron microscopy spectroscopy show that IrOx particles have a good dispersity on the surface of Ti4O7 and IrOx/Ti4O7 particles are uniformly dispersed on the anode catalytic layer. After the stability test, the Ti4O7 support has little decay, demonstrating a high electrochemical stability. IrOx/Ti4O7 with a high dispersity has a great potential to the application on the reversal tolerance anode of the fuel cell.

关键词： proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)     fuel starvation     cell reverse     reversal tolerance anode     oxygen evolution reaction    

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Control strategies for disinfection byproducts by ion exchange resin, nanofiltration and their sequential

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1725-x

摘要：

● Effects of AER adsorption and NF on DBP precursors, DBPs, and TOX were examined.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts     Control     Anion exchange resin     Nanofiltration     Cytotoxicity    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Can the Shanghai LNG Price Index indicate Chinese market?

Yeli ZENG, Cong DONG, Mikael HÖÖK, Jinhua SUN, Danyang SHI

期刊论文

Hydrotreating of light gas oil using a NiMo catalyst supported on activated carbon produced from fluidpetroleum coke

N. Rambabu,Sandeep Badoga,Kapil K. Soni,A.K. Dalai,J. Adjaye

期刊论文

液化石油气泄漏的危险性分析及其事故后果评价方法

陈思凝,孙金华,王青松

期刊论文

Numerical simulation of three-dimensional gas/liquid two-phase flow in a proton exchange membrane fuel

ZHUGE Weilin, ZHANG Yangjun, LAO Xingsheng, CHEN Xiao, MING Pingwen

期刊论文

21世纪油气工业发展刍议

陈俊武

期刊论文

中国南海油气资源前景

朱伟林,张功成,钟锴,刘宝明

期刊论文

沙湾组油气地质特征与勘探实践

刘传虎,王学忠

期刊论文

Heat, mass, and work exchange networks

Zhiyou CHEN, Jingtao WANG

期刊论文

The Shanghai Corporate Pavilion design for World Expo in Shanghai 2010

Yung Ho CHANG

期刊论文

Detection of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol by liquid-liquid extraction-gas chromatograph mass spectrum(LLE-GCMS) and solid phase extraction-gas chromatograph mass spectrum (SPE-GCMS)

MA Xiaoyan, CHEN Beibei, LI Qingsong, ZHANG Qiaoli, GU Guofen

期刊论文

Persistent Integration and Innovation Management Mode and Its Applications in Petroleum Production Engineering

He Liu

期刊论文

我国油气中长期发展趋势与战略选择

邱中建,赵文智,胡素云,张国生

期刊论文

陆上超深层油气勘探理论进展与关键技术

郭旭升, 胡东风, 李宇平, 段金宝, 张学丰, 范小军, 段华, 李文成

期刊论文

TiO supported IrO for anode reversal tolerance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell

期刊论文

Control strategies for disinfection byproducts by ion exchange resin, nanofiltration and their sequential

期刊论文